Frequently Asked Questions

Renewable power plants are required to forecast the amount of electricity they will generate on an hourly basis and to notify EPİAŞ and TEİAŞ accordingly. The differences between the forecasts submitted and actual generation are known as Imbalance, and under the Balancing and Settlement Regulation these imbalances result in high costs being passed on to generators.
In this context, Imbalance Cost refers to the total of:

• the Energy Imbalance Penalty charged by EPİAŞ, and
• the Finalised Generation Schedule Deviation Amount (KUPST) applied by TEİAŞ.

Imbalances occur more frequently at wind, solar and hydroelectric plants in particular, due to weather-driven fluctuations in generation, technical faults and deviations in forecasting models. At some plants this can lead to imbalance cost losses of up to 20% of generation revenues.

Aggregation is a licensed activity model that enables the participation of multiple generation facilities in the electricity markets to be managed centrally under a single portfolio, including generation forecasting, market notifications, settlement and imbalance management. This simplifies operational processes and optimises costs and risks.

Aggregation allows the generation forecasts and actual output of multiple generation facilities (particularly renewable power plants) to be combined and managed under a single portfolio.
As a result, positive and negative generation deviations across the plants within the portfolio can offset one another to a certain extent, so imbalances that would arise at individual plant level are reduced at portfolio level and imbalance costs are minimised.
Under Gain Aggregation, market operations are managed effectively and imbalance-related costs are reduced through:

• advanced generation forecasting models,
• real-time generation monitoring and tracking,
• and the central handling of EPİAŞ and TEİAŞ processes by expert teams.

Across all 81 provinces of Türkiye, the Gain Aggregation portfolio is open to:

• licensed plants with installed capacity below 100 MW, and
• unlicensed plants that have completed their ten-year purchase guarantee

including hydroelectric, solar, wind, geothermal and biomass power plants, as well as all eligible consumers.

Once a plant joins the Gain Aggregation portfolio, its market operations and settlement processes are managed centrally by Gain Aggregation. Daily advance payments are also made by Gain Aggregation.
Based on the settlement and market calculations carried out by EPİAŞ, daily advance amounts are calculated in line with the method agreed in the contract and transferred regularly to the bank account specified by the generator.
This structure means that:

• the generator’s daily cash flow continues uninterrupted,
• market and imbalance risks are managed operationally by Gain Aggregation, while the financial flow is simplified for the generator.

In short, cash flow continuity is preserved for generators in the Gain Aggregation portfolio, and daily advance payments are made securely and regularly by Gain Aggregation within the framework of the contract.

Yes. You can benefit from the Aggregation and Energy Management services provided by Gain Aggregation within the scope of the assignment agreement in force between your bank and your company.

This structure does not present any obstacle to receiving our services. Should your bank request it, an assignment approval letter regarding the contract signed with Gain Aggregation and the invoices and payment flows arising under it is formally submitted to your bank.

In this way, the bank’s assignment structure is preserved while your plant’s market operations and energy management processes continue to be carried out by Gain Aggregation in full compliance with regulations and contracts.

For plants under YEKDEM, EPİAŞ applies tolerance mechanisms at certain rates based on spot market prices, in order to offset imbalance costs and expenses arising from daily market operations. This structure is designed to limit the costs that plants within YEKDEM may incur due to market operations.

Taking this tolerance mechanism as its basis, Gain Aggregation assumes all of your plant’s market operations and imbalance costs at a cost below the tolerance level provided by EPİAŞ. The favourable difference created within the tolerance can therefore be passed on to the generator as additional revenue above the YEKDEM price.
With this model:

• daily market operations and imbalance costs become predictable for the generator,
• the revenue structure under YEKDEM is supported independently of market fluctuations,
• plant owners are able to manage their annual revenue within a more stable and plannable framework.

In short, through operational efficiency and cost optimisation, Gain Aggregation offers a structure that makes it possible to generate net revenue above the YEKDEM price for plants under YEKDEM.

Yes. We also provide Aggregation and Energy Management services for plants with storage systems integrated into renewable generation facilities. Our service model is designed around revenue maximisation and risk management objectives, taking your facility’s technical constraints into account within the framework of applicable regulations and market rules.
End-to-end management is provided for your storage system in the following areas:

• Regulatory and Compliance Management
  Notification, operation and reporting requirements relating to storage integration are managed in line with regulations, with due regard to the relevant market processes.
• Battery Optimisation and Operating Strategy
  The battery’s charge/discharge plan is optimised taking into account generation forecasts, market prices, portfolio balance and the facility’s operational priorities. Technical limits (SoC limits, power limits, cycle/lifetime impact and efficiency) are integrated into the decision set.
• Market Operations and Portfolio Integration
  Integrated storage is assessed within the Gain Aggregation portfolio, with imbalance management, revisions and market operations carried out through a holistic approach. The aim is for storage to create value at portfolio scale.
• Real-Time Monitoring and Revision
  Plans are updated as generation and market conditions change, and operational decisions are tracked through a real-time monitoring infrastructure.
• Transparent Reporting and Performance Monitoring
  Generation, storage utilisation performance, cost/revenue impact and operational indicators are shared through regular reports; strategies and parameters are improved according to performance.

These services can be offered through revenue share or similar contract models structured according to your facility and risk preference. Your storage system is thus positioned not merely as a piece of technical equipment, but as an active value-creating asset managed in an integrated way with the market and operations.

Yes. All licensed market participants that manage their own generation forecasts and market operations, that do not wish to fix their own imbalance costs, but that aim to reduce the imbalance costs arising from their management and benefit from portfolio advantages, can make use of the Aggregation and Energy Management services offered by Gain Enerji.
In this context, generators are provided with:

• a dedicated user interface through which they can enter their generation forecasts and revisions,
• the submission of those forecasts to the market and the execution of revisions in the Intraday Market within Gain Aggregation’s holistic portfolio structure.

In addition, all obligations towards EPİAŞ and Takasbank are assumed and managed by Gain Aggregation in compliance with regulations.

With this model, generators retain their own operational capabilities while gaining access to the imbalance cost advantages of portfolio scale and to central market management.

Demand-Side Participation is a mechanism through which electricity consumers actively participate in the energy markets by temporarily reducing, increasing or shifting the timing of their consumption in line with the needs of the electricity grid and the market.
Under this mechanism, consumers:

• contribute to grid security,
• support the maintenance of the supply–demand balance,
• help reduce excessive volatility in market prices.

Demand-Side Participation works in alignment with the balancing and ancillary services markets operated by TEİAŞ, offering consumers the opportunity to create additional revenue or cost advantages in return for their flexibility.
In short, Demand-Side Participation is an important energy management tool that transforms consumers from passive energy users into active market participants that add value to the energy system through their flexible consumption capacity.

Green energy refers to types of energy obtained from natural, renewable sources such as water, sun and wind, which preserve the natural life cycle throughout the generation process.

Unlike fossil fuels, these energy sources do not produce environmentally harmful pollutants such as greenhouse gas emissions, and they significantly reduce negative impacts on climate change. In this respect, green energy is one of the fundamental elements of a sustainable energy system.

Green energy sources also contribute to security of energy supply, as they are accessible in many parts of the world, including rural and remote areas where central infrastructure is limited.

A Green Energy Certificate refers to nationally and internationally recognised certification systems that document that the electricity a consumer uses has been generated from renewable energy sources.

These certificates are independent of electricity supply. In other words, a consumer can source electricity from one supplier while obtaining the Green Energy Certificate separately from an authorised organisation such as Gain Enerji.
To hold a Green Energy Certificate:

• there is no requirement to be connected directly to renewable energy facilities,
• no technical modification to the existing electrical installation is needed.

This allows consumers to document that their electricity is sourced from renewables and thereby contribute to their sustainability targets.

Green Energy Certificates play an important role within corporate ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) targets, particularly under the “Environmental (E)” heading.
Through these certificates, companies can:

• document that the electricity they consume is sourced from renewables,
• reduce or offset their Scope 2 carbon emissions,
• use verifiable and traceable data in sustainability, integrated activity and carbon footprint reports.

For multinational companies and export-oriented organisations in particular, I-REC certificates are a powerful tool for aligning with international reporting standards, ensuring supply chain sustainability and meeting investor and stakeholder expectations.

YEK-G certificates, meanwhile, allow companies operating in Türkiye to document their use of green energy in line with national regulations and reporting processes.

In short, Green Energy Certificates contribute directly to companies’ goals of reducing their carbon footprint, strengthening ESG performance and supporting sustainability commitments with concrete data.

Following a decision taken by the Energy Market Regulatory Authority (EPDK) in 2018, consumers whose annual electricity consumption exceeds the high-consumption limit set by EPDK lost the right to procure electricity at the regulated tariff prices applicable to final consumers.

Where such consumers do not exercise their eligible consumer rights, the tariff applied to them is known as the Last Resort Supply Tariff (SKT).
The Last Resort Supply Tariff is calculated on the basis of:

• electricity prices formed in the spot market (Market Clearing Price – PTF),
• the YEKDEM charge,

plus a service fee added on top of these amounts.

Because of this structure, SKT is directly linked to fluctuations in market prices and can result in a tariff with low cost predictability for high-consumption consumers.